Two whole stops of light difference is not a small thing. Your phone is stacking a bunch of short exposures and running noise reduction that smears the fine stuff together, while the DSLR is pulling in way more actual signal per frame. That is why the bright core of the nebula looks fine on both but the faint outer wisps and the tiny stars around it fall apart on the phone. Zoom in to 100 percent and flip between the two shots, the DSLR files will hold up way better when you crop or print. If they really look the same at full size, your buddy either shot at high ISO with a kit lens wide open or the seeing was garbage that night.